Hydrolyzed yeast from Kluyveromyces fragilis (HK) is nutrient-rich, and we hypothesized dietary HK could improve weaned pigs growth performance and health, serving as a potential alternative to high-dose zinc oxide (ZnO). A total of 160 weaned pigs (body weight, BW: 8.87 ± 0.58 kg; 28 ± 1 days) were randomly allotted into 4 treatments (n = 8 per treatment) in a 2 × 2 factorial treatment arrangement, comparing ZnO inclusion (ZnO- or ZnO+, 2 g/kg in the prestarter and 0 g/kg in the starter) with or without HK (10 g/kg in the prestarter and 5 g/kg in the starter) for 42 days. High-dose ZnO improved growth and reduced diarrhea incidence from day 0–14, whereas HK enhanced growth during days 0–42 and also alleviated diarrhea in the first 14 days (P < 0.05). Additionally, high-dose ZnO increased plasma catalase (CAT) activity and immunoglobulin A concentration while reducing malondialdehyde (P < 0.05). Similarly, HK enhanced plasma CAT, superoxide dismutase, immunoglobulin A, and immunoglobulin G (P < 0.05) and lowered malondialdehyde (P = 0.017). At the intestinal level, ZnO downregulated jejunal interleukin-8, interleukin-1β, and interleukin-10 mRNA expression (P < 0.05), while HK increased secretory immunoglobulin A concentration, upregulated Nrf2 and CAT expression, and reduced interleukin-6 expression (P < 0.05). Morphologically, HK improved villus height-to-crypt depth ratios across intestinal segments and increased villus height in the duodenum (P < 0.05). Microbiota analysis showed that ZnO enriched Bacteroidota, Actinobacteriota, and Prevotella but reduced Campilobacterota and Escherichia-Shigella, while HK decreased UCG-009 and modulated Prevotellaceae- and Lachnospiraceae-related taxa (P < 0.05). In conclusion, dietary HK improved growth performance, reduced diarrhea incidence, and enhanced antioxidant capacity, immune capacity, intestinal, and microbial status in weaned pigs, supporting its potential as an alternative to ZnO.
Dietary supplementation of hydrolyzed yeast from Kluyveromyces fragilis with or without high-dose zinc oxide modulates growth performance and diarrhea incidence of weaned pigs by improving intestinal health
Comi, M.
2025-01-01
Abstract
Hydrolyzed yeast from Kluyveromyces fragilis (HK) is nutrient-rich, and we hypothesized dietary HK could improve weaned pigs growth performance and health, serving as a potential alternative to high-dose zinc oxide (ZnO). A total of 160 weaned pigs (body weight, BW: 8.87 ± 0.58 kg; 28 ± 1 days) were randomly allotted into 4 treatments (n = 8 per treatment) in a 2 × 2 factorial treatment arrangement, comparing ZnO inclusion (ZnO- or ZnO+, 2 g/kg in the prestarter and 0 g/kg in the starter) with or without HK (10 g/kg in the prestarter and 5 g/kg in the starter) for 42 days. High-dose ZnO improved growth and reduced diarrhea incidence from day 0–14, whereas HK enhanced growth during days 0–42 and also alleviated diarrhea in the first 14 days (P < 0.05). Additionally, high-dose ZnO increased plasma catalase (CAT) activity and immunoglobulin A concentration while reducing malondialdehyde (P < 0.05). Similarly, HK enhanced plasma CAT, superoxide dismutase, immunoglobulin A, and immunoglobulin G (P < 0.05) and lowered malondialdehyde (P = 0.017). At the intestinal level, ZnO downregulated jejunal interleukin-8, interleukin-1β, and interleukin-10 mRNA expression (P < 0.05), while HK increased secretory immunoglobulin A concentration, upregulated Nrf2 and CAT expression, and reduced interleukin-6 expression (P < 0.05). Morphologically, HK improved villus height-to-crypt depth ratios across intestinal segments and increased villus height in the duodenum (P < 0.05). Microbiota analysis showed that ZnO enriched Bacteroidota, Actinobacteriota, and Prevotella but reduced Campilobacterota and Escherichia-Shigella, while HK decreased UCG-009 and modulated Prevotellaceae- and Lachnospiraceae-related taxa (P < 0.05). In conclusion, dietary HK improved growth performance, reduced diarrhea incidence, and enhanced antioxidant capacity, immune capacity, intestinal, and microbial status in weaned pigs, supporting its potential as an alternative to ZnO.I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.
